Ectoine, the Compatible Solute of Halomonas elongata, Confers Hyperosmotic Tolerance in Cultured Tobacco Cells

Halomonas elongata Moderately Halophilic Eubacterium, for Ectoine as a Compatible Solute in a Characterization of Biosynthetic Enzymes

Characterization of biosynthetic enzymes for ectoine as a compatible solute in a moderately halophilic eubacterium, Halomonas elongata.

1,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid (ectoine) is an excellent osmoprotectant. The biosynthetic pathway of ectoine from aspartic beta-semialdehyde (ASA), in Halomonas elongata, was elucidated by purification and characterization of each enzyme involved. 2,4-Diaminobutyrate (DABA) aminotransferase catalyzed reversively the first step of the pathway, conversion of ASA to DABA b...

Introducing ectoine as compatible solute: biosynthetic pathway, production and applications

Halophilic microorganisms cope with environmental stresses by producing and accumulating compatible solutes. Ectoine is one of the most important members of compatible solutes which have extra protective properties compared to other compatible solutes. Ectoine attracts several scientific and commercial attention because of their multiple industrial applications. This brief review presents appli...

A blueprint of ectoine metabolism from the genome of the industrial producer Halomonas elongata DSM 2581T

The halophilic γ-proteobacterium Halomonas elongata DSM 2581(T) thrives at high salinity by synthesizing and accumulating the compatible solute ectoine. Ectoine levels are highly regulated according to external salt levels but the overall picture of its metabolism and control is not well understood. Apart from its critical role in cell adaptation to halophilic environments, ectoine can be used ...

Functional expression of the ectoine hydroxylase gene (thpD) from Streptomyces chrysomallus in Halomonas elongata.

The formation of hydroxyectoine in the industrial ectoine producer Halomonas elongata was improved by the heterologous expression of the ectoine hydroxylase gene, thpD, from Streptomyces chrysomallus. The efficient conversion of ectoine to hydroxyectoine was achieved by the concerted regulation of thpD by the H. elongata ectA promoter.